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How Weather Affects Transportation and Logistics Services

Blog > How Weather Affects Transportation and Logistics Services
Learn how weather affects transportation and logistics, causing delays, damaged goods, and infrastructure issues. Discover key strategies to prepare your business for severe weather disruptions.
Published: October 11, 2024
Last Modified: October 11, 2024
Author: natalie kienzle

The ability to transport materials and supplies is critical before and after storms. A quick look at any of the recent hurricane seasons is proof of how badly weather can affect transportation services and hamper relief and recovery efforts.

Key Takeaways:

  • Severe weather events impacting transportation services include wildfires, sudden freezes, and hurricanes.
  • Stalled freight shipments can be the result of necessary route changes, limited capacity, and damaged infrastructure.
  • In the event of disrupted transport services, customers should be informed of delays in a timely manner. 
  • Having a disaster preparedness plan with a special focus on transportation can help mitigate the impact of delayed shipping. 

We’ll go over the largest hurdles you’re likely to face and how they impact freight shipping and local logistics.

Bad Weather That Impacts Logistics

A business operating in regions prone to certain major climate events and disasters doesn’t have the luxury of only planning if something happens. They need to have a set plan for when something will happen. 

If we measure events in terms of widespread damage, recent years have shown that hurricanes, wildfires, and even harsh winters have the ability to cause billions of dollars in damage and displace thousands, sometimes millions of people at a time. 

Wildfires

The areas of the country most prone to wildfires in recent years include much of California and the Pacific Northwest, including regions of Idaho and Montana. These are often heavily forested areas where a stray lighting strike can start a fire at random, especially during persistent drought conditions. 

While these fires can (and have) destroyed entire towns and burned through millions of acres at a time, most occur in fairly rural areas. Of course, related effects, such as falling ash, can have widespread effects in nearby urban centers, causing delays in local services related to shipping and transportation.

Deep Freezes and Ice Storms

Winter may be something that comes along every year, but the severity and location can still take some by surprise. Heavy snow and ice can bring critical transport systems to a screeching halt. 

Ice can make roads treacherous to drive on, especially for big rigs with heavy loads, and an unexpected deep freeze can damage critical infrastructure such as water pipes. 

Areas in the Midwest and Northeast that are used to getting such weather tend to fare better. However, in February 2021, we saw how such an event caused widespread damage in Texas and other Southern states that were ill-equipped for it. A hard freeze lasting just over a week caused power outages and shut down a number of important shipping lanes.

Hurricanes and Tropical Storms

Thanks to ever advancing technology, we have a better understanding than ever before of when and where hurricanes will form and potentially impact. However, when compared to an event such as a wildfire, these massive storms are far more disruptive over a greater area. 

First, hurricanes are huge, on average spanning about 300 miles in width. Although the intensity will vary greatly across that span, the point is that it has the potential to impact a large area all at once. Chances are, at least some of that area will be heavily populated. 

Never has this been more true than in recent years. People and businesses along the South Atlantic coast and bordering the Gulf of Mexico have experienced an increasing number of intense systems. Records maintained by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reveal the following. 

A collection of animated data graphics on hurricanes making landfall between 2020 abd 2024. Starting at the far left and going clockwise are the following points: 30 named storms impacting the U.S. as hurricanes or tropical storms, average financial losses per year due to storms was 20 billion, 8 states have been impacted by at least one category 1 hurricane, and there have been 6 major hurricanes rated category 3 or higher.

Secondly, the effect of these storms goes far beyond the initial impact. It’s not just rain and wind that people and businesses have to consider. Hurricanes also bring about:

  • Storm surge that can result in massive flooding even miles away from the coast
  • Heavy rainfall that can lead to mudslides and flash floods
  • Increased risk of tornado formation

These are just the weather phenomenon. Ultimately, these end up impacting infrastructure and people in potentially catastrophic ways. 

  • Power outages
  • Flooded buildings and critical structures
  • Washed out roadways and bridges
  • Contaminated water systems
  • Sea and airport closures

Simply put, if you need to move anything before or after a storm is set to impact your area, be prepared for various delays.  

The Negative Effect of Weather on Supply Chains

Severe weather will disrupt all manner of transportation. Some will be due to the direct impact and aftermath of the storm, but also because of the greater movement of people due to emergency evacuations or mobilizations of emergency services. 

Among the many issues that come up are:

  • Delayed shipments and fulfillment times: Road, rail, and air transport will be put on hold during high wind situations due to the inherent dangers. This creates a bottleneck effect that delays movement at each stage. 
  • Potential for damaged goods: An increase in vehicular accidents, damage to warehouses, and flooding can wipe out entire inventories by leaving them exposed to extreme conditions. Cold chain goods are especially vulnerable. 
  • Labor shortages: Without operators, trucks, trains, and anything else involving freight won’t move. Realize that in a disaster, it may be necessary for people to seek shelter or evacuate. Others may end up with no way to actually travel to their jobs. 
  • Infrastructure breakdowns: Rapid recovery after a storm may be hindered by damaged roads and rails, power loss, and a lack of available fuel. Even after restoration, priority may be given to emergency response vehicles before those of private businesses. 
  • Customer service concerns: Businesses whose clients aren’t impacted by a storm may still expect timely delivery. Clear communication ahead of time to inform of potential delays may help, provided you still have inventory to fulfill with.

As you can imagine, these issues directly impact a business financially. From managing product loss to potentially losing customers, a lack of transportation options has wide-reaching consequences. 

Related: Supply Chain Continuity: Manage Disruptions and Alternatives

How Can Businesses Prepare Beforehand to Mitigate Loss?

Since secure transportation, or a lack of it, is so vital to business, having a specific plan that focuses on transportation needs is a must. This isn’t just for the well-being of your business, but also for the safety of those working for you. 

When starting a disaster preparedness plan, consider the following in regard to transportation:

  • Locations most likely to be impacted by extreme weather
  • Best routes in and out of the area
  • A definitive list of vulnerable products that may need to be moved
  • Understanding your insurance coverage and liability options
  • Locations for a potential secondary warehouse or staging area
  • Knowledge of the region’s emergency management plans
  • Research of the effects of previous disasters in the area

Taking these factors into account can help you plan ahead and avoid over- or under-reacting to a situation. Every state and region is different. 

Are you in a valley? The effects of Hurricane Helene reminded us that flooding is a very real threat. It will keep vehicles from moving in or out. Is your inventory meant as a supply for before or after the storm? If you’re renting out heavy equipment or temporary storage, make sure that it finds a safe staging area outside the expected impact zone. 

Finally, if you know that moving things is the only way to save your inventory, make sure you put plans into effect as soon as possible. Many logistics providers will work around the clock to help out businesses during critical times, but getting in early gives you the best chance of navigating the situation successfully. 

Related: Hurricane Preparation for Business

Disaster Preparedness and Response Help From Emergency Logistics Services

At Emergency Management Logistics, we understand how devastating weather disruptions can be to your supply chain. Whether it’s transportation services or temporary warehousing needs, we offer these time-critical services to keep your business running.

Whether you’re looking to plan ahead or still reeling from the latest disaster, we have something to offer you. 

Reach out to us for help at (855) 420-9447 or complete an online contact form now. 

For those looking to plan ahead for the next big one, consider scheduling a consultation to discuss your disaster preparedness plan. 

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